Which method involves circulating fabric through a dye bath?

The method that involves circulating fabric through a dye bath is batch dyeing. In batch dyeing, the fabric is submerged in a dye solution, which allows it to absorb color evenly. This technique is often used for dyeing large quantities of fabric and can accommodate different fabric types and dye classes.

Batch dyeing is particularly effective for achieving uniform color across the entire fabric piece, as the entire batch of fabric is treated simultaneously in the dye bath. It is also flexible, allowing for adjustments in concentration and timing, which can produce various shades and effects based on the desired outcome.

Other methods, while also used for dyeing, do not involve the same circulation of fabric through a dye bath. For instance, jig dyeing uses a jig that moves fabric back and forth through a dye solution but doesn't involve a traditional dye bath circulation. Pad dyeing applies dye using rollers or pads on the surface of the fabric rather than submerging it completely. Foam dyeing utilizes a foam application method, which is not based on the immersion of fabric in a liquid dye bath. Each of these alternatives has its unique processes and results distinct from batch dyeing.